obesity in university students uk obesity in university students uk

M. E. Barker. Dietary gradients were also evident in relation to geography in a comparative study of university students from seven universities across the UK, although absence of information on specific university location limits comparison [2]. BMI is a tool that doctors use to assess whether or not a person has an appropriate weight for their age, sex, and height. Dietary studies of British university students are constrained by crude dietary assessment, small sample size and generally focus on a single university [3, 4]. 2010. Furthermore, use of an FFQ allowed dietary intake to be captured over a 3-month semester and facilitated recruitment of a large, geographically diverse sample, albeit a convenience one. A dietary patterns approach has been used widely in various UK population groups, but has not been employed to characterise the diets of university students. A second GLM was then fitted, which included significant demographic variables and variables from Group 2. Results Two-hundred sixty-eight articles were included comprising . Tracking of dietary intake and factors associated with dietary change from early adolescence to adulthood: the ASH30 study. College-based obesity prevention educational interventions are multi-component efforts that provide education about nutrition, physical activity, and healthy weight management; such interventions are often paired with campus environment improvements. Contrary to what one might expect, UPV/EHU men students with excess BF were more likely to have an adequate lunch/dinner duration and to be abstemious and women students with excess BF were more likely to have an adequate sitting time, a high HEI-2010 and a high PA level. Accommodation. Participants were required to recall their habitual diet over the most recent university semester (three months). International students (non-Home or non-EU) were not included because of possible heterogeneity in food choice (this issue was identified in the pilot study), and the dietary assessment instrument used was Euro-centric. Age groups were prominent in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in males, but an exception in females. Four patterns emerged, with evidence of more healthful dietary practices amongst female and older students, and those with greater self-reported cooking ability. Objective: To investigate the knowledge and views of university students regarding obesity and weight management strategies. Addict. Obesity is now a bigger cause of deaths in Scotland and England than smoking, according to a new study. The findings of the study should be considered within the context of its limitations. Key messages Of the different sedentary behaviour types, TV viewing is most consistently related with higher body mass index (BMI) and large waist circumference in both sexes. The vegetarian, snacking and health-conscious patterns identified here are analogous to those previously reported in adult and adolescent UK populations [22, 23]. Students in Northern Ireland appeared to favour less healthful dietary patterns than those in Great Britain. CAS EFS wrote the first draft of the manuscript, with help from MEB. Frequencies of consumption in the questionnaire were expressed as follows: every day=7/week, through to once per week=1/week; once every 23weeks (F)=0.5/week; rarely/never (R)=0. Buck D, Frosini F. Clustering of unhealthy behaviours over time - Implications for policy and practice. However, little research has examined the magnitude of this relationship in youth with severe obesity. Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its associated factors among university students from 22 countries Authors Karl Peltzer 1 , Supa Pengpid 2 , T Alafia Samuels 3 , Neslihan Keser zcan 4 , Carolina Mantilla 5 , Onja H Rahamefy 6 , Mee Lian Wong 7 , Alexander Gasparishvili 8 Affiliations Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. Visit. Alcohol attitudes, motives, norms, and personality traits longitudinally classify nondrinkers, moderate drinkers, and binge drinkers using discriminant function analysis. Design: Online questionnaire-based survey of undergraduate and. Male students tended towards a diet founded on convenience food, red meat and alcohol; this pattern was germane to all participating universities. 4 Overweight and obesity have been proven to . In addition, the set of protocolised measurements used in this study generated a large amount of data regarding behavioural determinants of overweight/obesity and interrelationships among them, in a community of university students. Give to MCLLC; Give to Active Latin; Give to Classics; Give to French; Give to German; Give to Russian Compliance with dietary recommendations by sex in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study(Mean values and standard deviations, percentages), Table 3. Despite this, there is limited progress in addressing the problem of obesity among college students. Information on dieting/weight loss behaviour, supplement use, cooking ability (four response options from able to cook wide range of meals from raw ingredients through to unable to cook at all), smoking status (students were asked to self-identify as a never smoker, ex-smoker, social smoker or regular smoker), self-reported physical activity levels (students were required to self-identify as not very active, moderately active or very active), body weight (kg) and height (m) (for calculation of body mass index (BMI), kg/m2), cooking behaviours (consumption of: meals made from raw ingredients; pre-prepared foods; ready meals and take-aways; and meals from university cafeteria) and weekly food expenditure () was also collected. An independent inverse association between living alone in private accommodation and score on this pattern approached significance (p=0.053). Participation Rates in Higher Education: Academic Years 2006/20072013/2014. 2009;109:186977. Moriyama, Toshiki A 2017 Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior report found that during four years of college, the percentage of students overweight or obese rose from 23% to 41% a 78% increase. The mean age of the sample was 21.5years (SD 2.63years). To be eligible for it, students ought to be in the top 1 per cent of their respective boards, in Class XII. Article A total of 1683 students across the five universities responded to the survey. Hung Nguyen-Ngoc is a Vietnamese dedicated and qualified nutrition specialist/dietitian and obesity specialist. Lower scores were independently associated with living alone (p=0.026) and spending less money on food (p<0.001). The following socio-demographic information was collected: age; gender; degree programme and year of study; full/part-time study; nature of term-time residence; ethnicity; religion; socioeconomic status (SES); maternal education; and university attended. This study aimed to identify dietary patterns that exist within a UK university student population, to assess the nutritional profile of these patterns, and to examine socio-demographic and lifestyle variables underpinning these patterns. This population also represents a group of young adults with a set of unique factors driving dietary intake: the transition to university life may be associated with increased autonomy over food choice, small food budgets, and exposure to new social groups and food cultures. 2011;19:197204. New York: Harper Row; 2012. The cut-offs for implausible energy intakes in the Nurses Health Study (<500 Kcal/day and>3500 Kcal/day) and Healthcare Professionals Follow-up Study (<800 Kcal/day or>4200 Kcal/day) were used to identify and exclude participants reporting implausible energy intakes the current study. The main strength of this work compared with other studies(Reference Bayyari, Henry and Jones89) is that we used the %BF instead of BMI as a diagnostic criterion for overweight/obesity, in order to avoid both false positives and negatives. The federation's 2023 atlas also predicted that childhood obesity levels could more than double over the next 12 years to around 208 million boys and 175 million girls. The snacking and convenience, red meat and alcohol patterns have common features with published data on the food preferences of British university students [2, 4]. These are displayed in Table3. Figure1 shows numbers of students excluded based on fulfilment of various eligibility criteria. Furthermore, high rates of body dissatisfaction and dieting behaviours have been noted, particularly amongst female students [12, 13]. 1983;37:10312. From these, we calculated body mass index (BMI). 2 These children are at greater risk of developing related functional, metabolic, and psychological conditions; experiencing pervasive weight bias and stigma; and having greater healthcare costs. It should also be noted that all dietary studies suffer from selection bias, in which more health- or diet-aware individuals choose to participate. The department, functioning under the Ministry of Science and Technology, had offered the Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research (INSPIRE) scholarship to the student in January 2017. PubMedGoogle Scholar. 1, 2 Overweight children are more likely to be overweight or obese as adults, compared with their normal-weight peers. Contradictory results were obtained in women for the two diet quality indices estimated, this result could be related to discrepancies in constructs and scoring criteria of diet quality indices used. Furthermore, their analytical approach has been on single foods and/or nutrients, which has allowed assessment of intake relative to dietary recommendations. Br J Clin Psychol. The survey was conducted between Autumn 2013 and Spring 2015. "useRatesEcommerce": false This dietary pattern was labelled vegetarian, because there was a clear tendency towards consumption of non-meat protein sources and avoidance of all meat and fish products. statement and Obesity. Privacy Grech, Amanda At age 10-11 (year 6), 23.4% were obese and 14.3% overweight. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. A cut-off of 30years was chosen in order to focus on the dietary behaviours of young adults. Dietary patterns and survival of older Europeans: the EPIC-elderly study (European prospective investigation into Cancer and nutrition). Very much enjoy teaching as a guest lecturer and supporting students on placement. In Model 1 (demographic variables only) female gender (p<0.001), middle age group (p=0.020), moderate leisure-time activity levels (p=0.045) and ex-smoker status (p=0.025) were independently associated with higher scores on the vegetarian dietary pattern. This association has not been documented among a university student population, but corroborates associations found in several adult studies [31, 32]. Public Health Nutr. Infrequent consumption of meals prepared from raw ingredients (p<0.001), and frequent consumption of pre-prepared foods (p<0.001) and ready meals/take-aways (p<0.001) were also independently associated with high snacking pattern scores. Gong, Jiayu The health-conscious pattern, which had a favourable nutrient profile - being particularly dense in micronutrients such as biotin, vitamin B12, vitamin D and selenium - is at odds with the stereotype of student eating patterns, but concurs with published research on dietary patterns among UK adults [21, 22] and a small-scale study of university students in Birmingham, UK [4]. Previously, I held the academic positions of Dean, Head of School, Head of Department and Institutional Head of the REF, to name a (very) few roles. The aim of the study is to investigate the level of physical activity of university students. Yamauchi-Takihara, Keiko 2007;49:16976. 2012;58:10918 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22407132. This study was conducted as part of EFSs PhD project. Richmond R . Lennox A, Prynne C, Swan G, Roberts C, Steer T, Pell D, et al. Students identifying as international students on the first page of the online survey could not proceed. Four principal components were retained, which explained 21.7% of the total variance in food intake. Participants: 3,077 students from the University of Newcastle (UON), Australia (mean age 27.1 9.8 years, 69.4% . 2007;10:20311. } Detopoulou, Paraskevi - UK-domiciled students by age 2022. This study also revealed that older students favoured more healthful dietary patterns and there was evidence of a positive linear relationship between age and scores on the health-conscious pattern. In according with the results will see how . The sex-specific differences in risk factors of excess adiposity have important implications for interventions for primary prevention of obesity within this environment. Dodd LJ, Al-Nakeeb Y, Nevill A, Forshaw MJ. Aggregation of lifestyle behaviours has previously been reported in both university student and adult populations [26,27,28]. Indeed it is noteworthy that these two patterns were additionally positively correlated with energy intake and did not feature fruit and vegetables; dependence on such a pattern may increase risk of positive energy balance and hence weight gain. Northstone K, Emmett PM. Genes also may contribute to a person's susceptibility to weight gain. Just less than one quarter of students spent less than 20 on food each week; a weekly food budget of 2029 was most common. Body mass index during childhood , adolescence and young adulthood in relation to adult overweight and adiposity: the Fels longitudinal study. Anthropometric and lifestyle characteristics, Alcohol consumption among university students in Ireland and the United Kingdom from 2002 to 2014: a systematic review, Systematic estimation of BMI. Li, Hongjuan University of Glasgow researchers looked at health surveys of nearly 200,000 adults. The prevalence of obesity is relatively high (36.8%) among UB students. Bamia C, Trichopoulos D, Ferrari P, Overvad K, Bjerregaard L, Tjnneland A, et al. Ethical approval was obtained from 3 participating university. London: British Government; 2015. In the academic year For supplementary material referred to in this article, please visit https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114521001483, Table 2. The health-conscious pattern had the most favourable micronutrient profile. The number of components retained was determined by the scree plot, parallel analysis and component interpretability [20]. It had high negative factor loadings for poultry, processed meat, and red meat and offal. Obesity is a critical lifestyle factor that increases the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases such as hypertension [ 1 ], diabetes [ 2 ], and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [ 3 ], and increases mortality [ 4 ]. Compliance with dietary recommendations according to body fat (BF) classification in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study(Mean values and standard deviations, percentages), Table 5. [cited 2012 Mar 13]. ESG & Sustainability professional, IFRS/SASB FSA credential holder, and graduate student at Columbia University's Climate School with 5+ years of professional experience in advisory/consulting . Indeed, the BMI distributions were also biased towards healthy, in keeping with other student surveys [4, 26]. The majority of students (n=1000; 69.1%) reported a healthy BMI (18.524.99kg/m2); mean BMI was 22.8kg/m2 (SD 4.64kg/m2). and This study has been conducted with University students in Turkey. Results from Years 14 (combined) of the Rolling Programme (2008/20092011/12). Targeted interventions towards these students are necessary. The wider literature consistently reports a positive association between socioeconomic status and diet quality across UK population groups [21, 23, 28]. With respect to other lifestyles such as PA, probably cultural practices and childhood habits can be associated with a higher PA level in men than women(Reference Trost, Pate and Sallis86). Demographics / sample characteristics. Int J Obes. Between the NAP5 (2013) and NAP7 (2021) surveys and excluding those patients who were pregnant, the estimated median age of patients increased by 2.3 years (50.5 to 52.8 years). According to a survey in 2021, 44% of college students in the US described their weight as more than normal, i.e. 2016;61:918 Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.05.006. Nutr Rev. This study aimed to identify dietary patterns within a UK university student population and to delineate the socio-demographic, lifestyle and other behavioural characteristics of students favouring these patterns. Cite this article. Greater meat and fast food consumption among male students has previously been reported, and vegetarianism is more prevalent amongst female students [3, 24]. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. All students were recruited through university email distribution lists. It has identified a number of antecedents of both healthful and unhealthful dietary practices. His experiences are steadily being accumulated through over 9 years of working seamlessly in the nutritional discipline at local and regional institutions. Only intake of total sugars (energy-adjusted) was strongly and negatively correlated with the convenience, red meat & alcohol pattern (r=0.577; P<0.01). 2006;106:20017. A substantial proportion of students followed health-promoting diets, which had good nutrient profiles obviating a need for dietary intervention. Students reporting greater cooking ability tended towards the vegetarian and health-conscious patterns. either in the overweight or obese category. Among reception-aged children, those aged four and five, the rates of obesity rose from 9.9% in 2019-20 to 14.4% in 2020-21. Clustering of lifestyle risk factors with dietary patterns was also evident, with less healthful dietary patterns associated with smoking, low physical activity and take-away consumption. University College London London, UK Tel: 02076795634 E-mail: . A new report by the World Obesity Federation (WOF) has said more than half of the world's population will be obese or overweight by 2035 if significant action isn't taken. Obesity (defined as a BMI over 30) can occur in adults and children. Woodruff SJ, Hanning RM, Lambraki I, Storey KE, McCargar L. Healthy eating index-C is compromised among adolescents with body weight concerns, weight loss dieting, and meal skipping. Rare compared to occasional or almost daily - consumption of take-aways/ready meals was associated with lower scores (p=0.042). Moreover, well documented studies have identiied the need to . Physical activity plays an important role in the prevention of becoming overweight and obese in childhood and adolescence, and reducing the risk of obesity in adulthood. 2022. In terms of eating behaviours of the sample, just under two-thirds of students described themselves as regular meat-eaters, whilst approximately 10% of students identified themselves as vegetarian. The current study had a number of strengths and limitations that should be acknowledged. Nutr J 17, 90 (2018). Existing studies allude to non-prudent consumption patterns, reporting low consumption of fruit and vegetables alongside high intakes of confectionery, alcohol, and fried, ready-made and convenience foods [2,3,4]. Obesity, Weight Stigma and Discrimination, Sarah E Jackson. Female students favoured the vegetarian pattern, whilst male students preferred the convenience, red meat & alcohol pattern. Compliance with lifestyle (different from diet) recommendations by sex in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study(Mean values and standard deviations, percentages), Table 4. Dietary patterns analysis unveiled heterogeneity in food choice with students following four major dietary patterns: vegetarian, snacking, health-conscious and convenience, red meat & alcohol. Childhood obesity affects an estimated 50 million girls and 74 million boys worldwide. Sprake, E.F., Russell, J.M., Cecil, J.E. Dr Andrew Kane, lead author says: "The fact that the population requiring surgery with anaesthesia is 2.3 years older than nine years ago has important implications. The . Raich-Escursell RM, Segues CV, Torras-Claras J, Huon G (2004) Bulimia symptoms and risk factors in university students. 2013;17:147685. The latter figure is less than that reported in a survey of over 3000 university students studying in Northern Ireland, which reported that 22% of students did not eat meat [3]. Maternal education data for Ulster, KCL, St Andrews & Southampton corroborated these differences (data for University of Sheffield not available). Conversely students favouring more healthful dietary patterns reported greater engagement in other health-promoting lifestyle choices, including not smoking, greater participation in physical activity. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines obesity as an "abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health," further clarifying that "the fundamental cause of obesity and overweight is an energy imbalance between calories consumed and calories expended" [ 1, 2 ].